Reducing GHG emissions in dairy farms from Uruguay

Reducing GHG emissions in dairy farms from Uruguay

Climate Change Adaptation
Technical Assistance to support the Research, Development and Deployment of technologies for the reduction of GHG emissions in dairy farms, through the circularity of flows and materials and the use of climate technologies in Uruguay

Uruguay’s emissions profile is strongly marked by emissions related to food production. According to the latest National Greenhouse Gas Inventory, in 2017, 60% of net emissions (considering removals) and 77% of gross emissions (without considering removals) correspond to the agricultural sector. Within these, 95% of emissions are generated within establishments and 2.5% in industry. Therefore, it is a priority for the country to work on mitigation and adaptation alternatives in this sector, and to make progress in the use of waste from animal production systems, particularly from livestock.

In Uruguay, there are currently approximately 3,900 dairy farmers. In recent decades there has been a significant increase in milk production at the national level, accompanied by a process of concentration of production systems.Production increased by 52% during the last 15 years, from 1.3 to 2 million liters per year, while the number of dairies decreased by 31%, from 5,100 to 3,900 dairies. This process, together with the changes in the global context, have caused production systems to face new problems. The challenge for Uruguay’s dairy industry in the future will be to make intensification sustainable.

During 2019 and 2020, the Project for the Evaluation of the current situation of the Circular Economy for the development of a Roadmap for Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Uruguay was implemented through the CTCN, a project aimed at promoting actions to mitigate climate change and progress in the circular economy for which two value chains were selected, the dairy and meat chain.

The purpose of this technical assistance is to identify and study climate technologies and circularity practices for the treatment and use of flows and materials. In addition, technologies that have worked at the pilot level but have challenges for scaling up will be studied. Centralized models that include waste from other agricultural industries will be evaluated to determine management models, assessing their economic feasibility and co-benefits, and identifying the actors that should participate in order to obtain sustainable models that can be replicated at the national level.

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COUNTRY

Uruguay

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2022

DONOR · PARTNER

CTCN/CONSUR

Paraguay has over 3.900 dairy farmers

Only 5% of the national territory is used to produce milk

70% of its dairy production is exported

Environmental feasibility study for Paraguay

Environmental feasibility study for Paraguay

Climate Change Adaptation

Environmental Feasibility Study for Paraguay

Since the beginning of the 1990s, the EU and Paraguay have been gradually strengthening their ties. The European Union (EU) was very active in Paraguay, specially supporting the Agenda for Change and the Strategic Framework and Action Plan on Human Rights and Democracy. The priorities under an era of climate change threats have shifted and the EU is highly committed now to the New Green Deal to respond to the challenges of climate change and Paraguay´s economy and ecosystems are extremely exposed to the risks of deforestation and climate change impacts.

The EU Delegation (EUD) in Asuncion requested technical assistance to identify strategic areas of support the future EU cooperation with Paraguay in the sector of environment ́protection and fight against climate change. The goal of this proposed assignment is to analyse the specific environmental and climate change challenges in Paraguay and to shape the EU support to the Government in this sector.

The objective of this Inception Report was to present the proposed approach, methodology and action plan of this technical assistance.

The expected results

  • An analysis of the environmental and climate change challenges and opportunities in the sector
  • To provide reliable evidence on the environmental hazards (climate change, deforestation, air pollution, water and land degradation, and biodiversity)
  • To analyze the coherence and pertinence of sectoral policies and legislation
  • Review the existing institutional capacities and resources; to analyze coordination roles and stakeholders leaderships, socio-economic interests
  • To propose areas of support, objectives and expected result indicating alternative modalities of interventions and instruments for the future EU support to the sector in Paraguay in the framework of the Team Europe Initiative.

The anticipated outputs

  • A political economy analysis of the current situation in the environment and climate change sectors, including: i) the main challenges and constraints, ii) the analysis of the main relevant policies and programmes, iii) the institutional set-up, iv) a stakeholders analysis and a mapping of existing environmental projects; types and concentration of their benefits
  • A proposal for areas of support for the future EU cooperation with Paraguay
  • A Preliminary identification (specific objectives, expected results, activities, indicators and overall estimated budget) of an EU programme in one of the proposed areas.
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COUNTRY

Paraguay

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2021 · 2022

DONOR · PARTNER

EUD/—

Project’s areas of intervention

Protected waterbodies at Limoy

Mbaracayú National Reserve

Provinding technical assistance to help Equatorial Guinea comply with the NDC strategies

Provinding technical assistance to help Equatorial Guinea comply with the NDC strategies

Climate Change Adaptation

Technical guidance and support to conduct
a technology needs assessment and
a technology action plan for Equatorial
Guinea

Guinea plans to conduct its Technology Needs Assessment (TNA) with a Technology Action Plan (TAP) in view of the implementation of its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC).Equatorial Guinea has never initiated the process of carrying out this assessment before the development of its INDC, which is one of the new operational requirements to accelerate its implementation.

The Government has identified priority sectors for climate technology which are: Agriculture, Forests and environment, Energy, Transportation, Infrastructure, Water and Coast, Mining and Waste. The technology needs for these sectors need to be identified to promote investment in climate technologies.

Oiko’s assistance will entail conducting a categorization and prioritization of technologies that will comply with the Equatorial Guinean NDC and other strategies.

The fundamental goal is to enable Equatorial Guinea to implement its climate targets using the most appropriate technologies. In this context, the TNA report and TAP will provide the necessary guidance to evolve the prioritized technologies and address the country needs in climate change adaptation and mitigation.

The anticipated outcome of this TNA will present a number of strategic, long-term, participatory measures across the identified and prioritized sectors that will drive climate resilient and low carbon growth in Equatorial Guinea.

Expected Outcomes

  • Institutional capacity and coordination mechanisms in place to govern and coordinate climate action and finance
  • Country Programming process
  • Climate finance strategies strengthened, private sector mobilized and project pipeline enhanced

The Actions

The main activities to be covered by the technical assistance will be:

  • Supporting introduction of coordination for the TNA/TAP process with the NDE; 2. Taking stock of existing low-carbon technologies in Equatorial Guinea.
  • Undertaking comprehensive identification of technical and technology needs by NDC sector.
  • Identifying technical capacity-building needs for deployment of these technologies.
  • Implementing the Equatorial Guinea technology action plan (TAP) in cooperation with all stakeholders.
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COUNTRY

Equatorial Guinea

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2021 · 2022

DONOR · PARTNER

CTCN/INCOMA

Mitigation & Adaptation plans to create climate-smart communes in Togo

Mitigation & Adaptation plans to create climate-smart communes in Togo

Climate Change Adaptation

Development of a methodology to create climate-smart communes in Togo and formulate 4 mitigation and adaptation action plans

The purpose is to provide Togo with a conceptual framework for the development of climate-smart communes in close cooperation with all stakeholders. This methodology will be applied in order to develop climate change adaptation and mitigation plans, that are defined on the basis of 10 selected communes that represent Togo’s climate diversity. Out of this 10, the created methodology will be applied to 4 communes that will receive plans specific to their context and as a result of the technical assistance provided. This plans will take into account key economic sectors such as transport, energy, agriculture and waste. In addition, the objective of this project is also to create a convergence cluster through its interventions in order to guarantee the achievement of sustainable development objectives in the 4 communes.

The Expected Outcomes

  • Development of communication documents
  • Vulnerability assessment of ten targeted urban communes (these communes will be selected beforehand by Togo)
  • Establishing a conceptual framework for “climate smart” Communes in close cooperation with all stakeholders.
  • Formulation of an action plan for adaptation and mitigation to the effects of climate change is developed ́ for each of the four selected communes.
  • Final adaptation and mitigation plans and formulation of a concept note.
  • Carrying out awareness campaign

The Actions

The main activities covered by the technical assistance are:

  • Development of a conceptual framework for “climate-smart” Communes in close cooperation with all stakeholders
  • Creation of a vulnerability assessment of the ten targeted urban communes
  • Elaboration of a model for the transformation of four communes into Climate Smart Communes integrating energy, mobility, waste, vegetation cover and agricultural transformation to improve the resilience of communities and ecosystems
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COUNTRY

Togo

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2021 · 2022

DONOR · PARTNER

CTCN · Climate Analytics / Jeunes Verts Togo

Agroecological regions of Togo

Farmers at Kpalimé

Local market in Kerán

Developing a guidance action plan to conduct a Technology Needs Assesment in Paraguay

Developing a guidance action plan to conduct a Technology Needs Assesment in Paraguay

Climate Change Adaptation
Technical guidance and support to conduct a technology needs assessment and a technology action plan for Paraguay

Paraguay is a landlocked developing country with a highly dependent economy on the primary sector, which makes it highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, such as temperature increase, pattern change in rainfall, and intensity and frequency increase of extreme weather events.

Technology is an important aspect to be taken into consideration in climate change both in strengthening mitigation and adaptation measures and in building resilience. The absence of a comprehensive Technological Needs Assessment (TNA) for the country increases the difficulties in determining the level and extent of support needed for implementation of the National Determined Contributions (NDCs) and other national development priorities, as well as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The country faces lack of specialized skills required in climate technologies, innovations, and knowledge. Other barriers include inadequate infrastructure services to ease acquisition of appropriate technologies, lack of market awareness, lack of research and development of green technologies, inadequate incentives and enabling environment for technology transfer.

Generally, these barriers affect the development and transfer of climate technologies in the country. More specifically, the country lacks a coordination mechanism between various climate actors in the country, as well as a clear and shared understanding of what the specific technology needs are in each sector. In addition, it has also a lack of a country project pipeline that inhibits climate investment.

Key activities

  • Develop and validate the Work Plan with MADES and the key actors
  • Mapping of actors involved, clarify roles and responsibilities. Validation workshop of actors involved with the NDA (MADES)
  • Establishment of an ENT Committee, in charge of guiding the project and validating all deliverables
  • Selection of sectors and sub-sectors for the Evaluation (Analysis of sectoral needs, meetings with the ENT Committee)
  • Evaluation and selection of key technologies for NCDs (sheets)
  • Development of a Technological Action Plan and support its implementation with communications and training
  • Holding a national consultation workshop for the deployment of technologies
  • Engage the private sector, with a workshop for opportunities to engage the sector
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COUNTRY

Paraguay

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2021

DONOR · PARTNER

CTCN
Fund. Moisés Bertoni · Investigación para el desarrollo

Asunción

Itaipu Damm between Brazil and Paraguay

Energy-efficient housing to improve health conditions in Mongolia

Energy-efficient housing to improve health conditions in Mongolia

Climate Change Mitigation

Improving health condition of Ulaanbaatar’s unplanned areas by building sustainable energy-efficient housing

Mongolia faces huge challenges. Around half of the population lives in the capital, Ulaanbaatar, using poor quality coal for heating. In fact, more than 90% of Mongolia’s energy still comes from coal. Low pressure coal boilers combined with poorly insulated homes are causing some of the worst air pollution in the world, 30 times the WHO limit, and 3 times higher than Beijing’s red alert levels.

The Switch Off Air Pollution Project (SOAP) was formulated to provide support to local governments and other organizations and private households, such as the construction industry and SMEs in the ger district. The project’s target group is ger district households and small business that wish to decrease heating expenses and improve overall comfort of the house, and further focus will lie in households below living standards and female headed households.

The project was funded by the European Commission within the “Asia SWITCH Asia II – Promoting Sustainable Consumption and Production” programme with the following objectives:

 

  • Defining climate technological options for a scale-up of SOAP, with social, economic and environmental impacts.
  • Exploring with the local financial system and private bank, different avenues for climate financing.
  • Develop scenarios broadening the project.​
  • Diversification of energy efficiency products offered by SOAP.​
  • Involve more actors and companies.​
  • Find new economic strategies and possibilities for financing the project​
  • Look for sustained long-term financing possibilities.​
  • Preparing a handover strategy.​
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COUNTRY

Mongolia

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2020 · 2021

DONOR · PARTNER

EU/GERES

Aerial view of Ulaanbaatar’s northern ger district

Yurts in the capital’s city limits

Improving dairy value chain and gender inequalities in Northern Cameroon

Improving dairy value chain and gender inequalities in Northern Cameroon

Climate Change Adaptation

Integrated water-energy-livestock project for the dairy value chain in the municipalities of Petté and Wina in the Far North of Cameroon

In June 2015, the Republic of Cameroon validated Cameroon’s National Climate Change Adaptation Plan (PNACC) which includes, among other things, an assessment of climate change in each of the five agro-ecological zones, an assessment of sectoral and geographical sensitivity, vulnerability and resilience, an intervention strategy 2016-2025, an assessment of losses, risks and gaps, and a five-year action plan 2016-2020 broken down into 20 detailed project dossiers.

The vision of the PNACC is that by 2035, Cameroonians – especially women, children and the vulnerable – and the country’s economic sectors will become more resilient and able to adapt to the negative impacts of climate change.

The objective is to implement an integrated Water, Energy and Livestock project for the dairy value chain in the Far North Province of Cameroon, that has a strong similarity with other Sahelian countries, where lack of economic growth, environmental degradation and instability are the main characteristics.

A 2018 study on the evolution of temperature and rainfall showcases that climate change is causing a reduction in the annual volume of rainfall, an alteration of rainy periods and an increase in average temperatures. These impacts affect the dairy value chain altering the availability of crops to feed cows, reducing water resources and negatively affecting animals.

Through a number of questionnaires administered in the municipalities of Petté and Wina, OIKO diagnosed the entire dairy value chain, dissecting its different components and, at the same time, understanding its holistic logic and the different energy gaps present to elaborate an assessment of the corresponding technological needs. At the same time, we have also paid special attention to the balance between men, women, and youth through an effective integration of the gender and youth components, aiming to reduce inequalities in the implementation area.

Expected Outcomes

  • Deployment of identified technologies for the conservation of dairy products through shared funding among international sources, the state, and possibly a producer association.
  • Creation of an intermediate storage facility shared by producers
  • A secure delivery system to the point of sale
  • Establishment of small-scale enterprises involved in dairy value chains, dairy preservation, and milk processing
  • Establishment of enterprises for the repair, sale, and maintenance of technologies
  • Increased milk self-sufficiency in the region
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COUNTRY

Cameroon

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2021

DONOR · PARTNER

CTCN/UNIDO

North Cameroon Marua region (in orange)

Milk distribution with plastic canisters

60% of milk storage is in calabashes or gourds

Cudled milk, yoghourt and butter are prefered over cheese production

Insularity and Oil Dependence in Marshall Islands

Insularity and Oil Dependence in Marshall Islands

Climate Change Mitigation

Insularity and Oil Dependence in Marshall Islands

The Republic of Marshall Islands (RMI) a Small Island Development State is ecologically fragile and highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Small size, limited resources, geographic dispersion and isolation from markets, place the island at high risk of insularity. Most importantly, as other remote archipelagos, the islands are facing a heavy and increasing reliance on imported petroleum products, which is a major threat to energy security.

The national priority is to respond to the vulnerability and dependence of the energy sources and to improve access to affordable and reliable sources of energy to enhance sustainable livelihoods contributing to the economic growth and development.

OIKO developed a climate finance scenario for the 11th European Development Fund (EDF) through a comprehensive assessment of climate readiness of the Energy Sector in the RMI. Following Green Climate Fund´s Readiness Tools and Guidebooks, we provided training to get ready to access climate finance.

After a consultative process with policy-makers about the public investment plan, a review of the macroeconomic scenario, the revenue collection strategy, the regulatory framework for both the public and private sector; the policy advice concluded in a new support program to four key strategic areas that include: national energy planning, energy to work towards the optimum utilization of energy resources, security, the power sector, and renewable energy development.

The proposed options resulted in a substantial increase in country’s electricity requirements to be met from renewable energy sources: biomass, solar, wind and other renewable resources, reducing imported petroleum for diesel back-up generators.

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COUNTRY

Marshall Islands

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2015

DONOR · PARTNER

EU

Majuro atoll in Marshal Islands

Center for Excellence for Renewable Energy in Indonesia

Center for Excellence for Renewable Energy in Indonesia

Climate Change Mitigation

Palm Oil to blame for 39% of forest loss in Borneo since 2000

Indonesia and Malaysia produce about 85% of the world’s palm oil, which is used in everything from soaps, lipstick to pizza and biodiesel. Palm oil is putting one of the main sources of growth of Indonesia at risk: the rainforest in Borneo.

As in many tropical areas around the world, Borneo’s rainforests are being cut and degraded for timber, palm oil, pulp, rubber and minerals. Logging, land-clearing and conversion activities are considered to be the greatest threats to the Heart of Borneo. Of particular concern is the conversion of natural forests into palm oil and timber plantations.

Some palm oil farmers have been accused of using slash-and-burn methods to clear land for planting. The palm oil industry has long been blamed for encroaching on rain forests in Borneo, endangering wildlife such as orangutans and pygmy elephants.

Indonesia and Malaysia, lost 6.3 million hectares (15 million acres) of forest cover between 2000 and 2018, the data from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), shows.

To respond to this challenge, OIKO supported the Ministry of Research and Technology of Indonesia with an assessment of sustainable and renewable energies potential (palm oil and timber byproducts as biomass) in East Kalimantan with the objective of creating an increasing renewable energy industry competitiveness for the sustainable economic development in Indonesia.

  • To develop a strategy for renewable energies and help set the priorities of the Ministry of State for Research & Technology.
  • Provide guidelines for energy efficient techniques trough integration of technologies and efficient energy planning, focused on finding optimized solutions to facilitate renewable and alternative access, such as biomass for combined heat and power production and development of sustainable biofuels.
  • Set foundations for the establishment of a Center for Excellence on Renewable Energies in West Kalimantan.
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COUNTRY

Indonesia

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2013

DONOR · PARTNER

EU

Orangutan from Kalimantan in Borneo

Pygmy elephants in East Kalimantan

Oil palm and rainforest fraction in Borneo

Reducing Climate Risk from Energy Investment in Namibia

Reducing Climate Risk from Energy Investment in Namibia

Climate Change Mitigation

Reducing Climate Risk from Energy Investment in Namibia

Enabling access to clean and affordable energy is critical for sustainable development whether it be for nutrition, transport, education or economic opportunity.

Following UNDP´s Derisking Renewable Energy Investment (DREI) framework, OIKO supported the Government of Namibia prioritizing Investment for climate change mitigation. The DREI is an innovative tool to help public officials to prioritize sustainable energy investment.

OIKO assisted the Government of Namibia to identify the barriers and risks which can hold back private sector investment, and then supports policymakers to put in place packages of funds (grants) and targeted public interventions to address climate risks.

The initiative allows private sector organizations, non-state actors, local authorities to respond and address the issues of Climate Change Mitigation, including efficient and renewable energy technology investment.

 

Project Actions

  • Identified current deficiencies limiting renewable energy promotion
  • Identified the most vulnerable target groups/beneficiaries and the possible constraints to facilitate access off-grid
  • Proposed mitigation interventions such as: improving access to clean sustainable sources, reliable and affordable energy, rural electrification, rural roads infrastructure (rural electricity grids in highlands), reliability and commercial viability of solar and wind power, biomass, cooking stoves, small-scale hydropower dams
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COUNTRY

Namibia

IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD

2012

DONOR · PARTNER

EU Delegation in Namibia